Vincent Battesti - vbat.org | anthropoasisvbat.org
English → Researches → Gardens of Egypt

Cultivated trees in gardens of Ancient Egypt

Vincent Battesti

The following tree species seem [1] to have been the main cultivated ones in gardens of Ancient Egypt.

Maquette de jardin, de Thèbes, 11e Dynastie, 2009-1998 AEC (avt-JC): jardin avec sycomores, cours plantée avec un bassin au centre d’une villa thébaine. Metropolitan Museum (MET, New York).
The Garden with a rectangular fishpond with ducks and lotus planted round with date palms and fruit trees, in a fresco from the Tomb of Nebamun, originally in Thebes, Egypt, 18th Dynasty (c1380 BCE), now in the British Museum, London, U.K. Painting on plaster, 72 x 62 cm.
Le jardin et un bassin à poissons rectangulaire avec canards et lotus, des palmiers dattiers et arbres fruitiers plantés autour, sur une fresque du tombeau de Nébamoun, à l’origine à Thèbes, Égypte, 18e dynastie, (c1380 AEC), maintenant au British Museum, Londres, Royaume-Uni. Peinture sur platre, 72 x 62 cm.
original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:...

Sycamore fig - Ficus sycomorus, L. (Moraceae),
Common fig - Ficus carica, L. (Moraceae),
Date palm - Phœnix dactylifera, L. (Arecaceae),
Doum Palm - Hyphæne thebaica, (L.) Mart. (Arecaceae),
Argoun palm - Medemia argun, (Martius) Wurtt. ex H.A. Wendl. (Arecaceae),
Egyptian plum - Balanites ægyptiaca, (L.) Delile (Zygophyllaceae),
Christ-thorn – Ziziphus spina-christi, (L.) Desf. (Rhamnaceae),
Horseradish tree - Moringa peregrina, (Forssk.) Fiori (Moringaceae),
Olive – Olea europaea, L. (Oleaceae),
Pistachio – Pistacia sp. (Anacardiaceae),
Castor oil plant – Ricinus communis, L. (Euphorbiaceae),
Nile acacia – Acacia nilotica, , (L.) Willd. ex Delile (Fabaceae).

The cultivated plants inside today’s gardens are much more water solicitous, or if one prefers, in the Antiquity, the plants selected to appear in the gardens were relatively xerophytic: theses cultivated lands were really “gardens of the desert”.

The inventory of the plants of ornamental gardens in contemporary Egypt, in addition, underlines the nearly exclusive presence of nonlocal (exotic) plants. If the garden is also a tool of distinction, it is not astonishing to cultivate then some “maladaptation” (expensive, therefore, élitiste). See the work in progress: Plant Cosmopolitism and Social Extraterritoriality: a Modern History of Ornamental Gardens in Egypt.

Palmier dattier
pl. 62 : Palmier dattier Phoenix Dactylifera. 1 - Détails de la feuille et de la grappe ; 2.3 - Détails de la fructification / Conté dess., Illustrations de Description de l’Egypte.. ., Botanique, minéralogie, T. II bis
Palmier doum
pl. 1 : 1 - Vue du palmier de la Thébaïde appelé doum ; 2.3.4.5.6 - détails de la fructification / Henri Joseph Redouté dess., Illustrations de Description de l’Egypte.. ., Botanique, minéralogie, T. II bis
Palmier doum
pl. 2 : Détails de la feuille de la grappe / Dessiné par Henri Joseph Redouté dess., Illustrations de Description de l’Egypte.. ., Botanique, minéralogie, T. II bis
Figuier
Trew, C.J., Plantae selectae quarum imagines ad exemplaria naturalia Londini, in hortis curiosorum nutrit, vol. 8: t. 73 (1771). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:58571_Ficus_carica_L.jpg
Balanites
pl. 28 : 1 - Balanites Aegyptiaca ; 2 - Fagonia Glutinosa ; 3 - Fagonia Latifolia / Henri Joseph Redouté dess., Illustrations de Description de l’Egypte.. ., Botanique, minéralogie, T. II bis
Jujubier
Ziziphus spina-christi
Olivier
Olea europaea
Pistachier
Pistacia lentiscus, Köhler’s Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen mit kurz erläuterndem Texte. (1887)
Ricin commun
Ricinus communis. Köhler’s Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen mit kurz erläuterndem Texte. (1887)
Acacia du Nil
Acacia nilotica

[1p. 32 in Springuel I., 2006 — The Desert Garden, A practical guide. Cairo; New York, American University in Cairo Press, 176 p.

This article has been read 14743 times.
forum

Post a message / Comment on this article

This page was last updated on Monday 4 January 2016 at 21:35:48. //// -----> Quote this page?
Vincent Battesti , "Cultivated trees in gardens of Ancient Egypt " (online), Anthropoasis | vbat.org, page published 16 March 2007 (consulted 20 April 2024), available on: https://vbat.org/article358